Archive for the ‘ Technology ’ Category

Critical error uncontrolled memory leaks found in the Windows 7 may, according to experts, lead either to the transfer date of the final version of the new operating system, or for the immediate release of patches.

To reproduce the problem, simply open a command window and run CMD.com scans the hard disk utility CHKDSK <drive letter:> / r.

Watching uncontrolled memory leak can be in Task Manager (opened a combination of Ctrl + Shift + Esc): chkdsk.exe process will consume more and more resources. In the end, or stop check disk, zavisnuv at the time of achieving a 90 per cent of the total consumption of memory in the system or will a critical failure of the computer with the conclusion of “blue screen of death” “(BSOD).

The problem occurs when you run CHKDSK on the secondary (non bootable) hard drive. Error detected in 32 – and 64-bit editions of Windows 7 RTM.

In tests, expert resource InfoWorld error has been successfully replicated in three editions of Windows 7 on two platforms (netbook based on Intel Atom and a laptop with Intel Core 2 Duo) and surrounded by the virtual machine, VMware Workstation 6.5.2. According to the report, the cause of the problem is not functioning correctly stack file system drivers NTFS. Steven Sinofsky (Steven Sinofsky), president of Windows at Microsoft, tried to reassure the public, agitated critical error in the new OS, which leads to failure of the performance of such simple operations like checking the disk for errors. According to him, the corporation has already started to conduct load tests on 40 different platforms in order to reproduce the problem.

WordCamp – this conference about blogging and the further development of a better platform to blog. WordPress founder Matt Mullenveg celebrating the sixth anniversary of the engine for blogs with open source. The Conference usually held in the U.S., so go for it I have not proved possible. On the conference I learned from the man, who is signed. He constantly provides me interesting news. I wanted to interview him, but he almost did not answer.

Wordcamp 2009

Some interesting points from the conference.

9:45 am handing out badges Wordcamp, developed by Marianne masculino:

Wordcamp 2009 buttons, designed by Marianne Masculino

9:52 am Matt Mullenveg greets guests:

Matt greeting atendees

One of the sponsors of WordCamp – LayeredTech provide participants with the camp office supplies:

Wordcamp sponsor LayeredTech

10:00 am the crowd to settle in places, more than 600 people in the room:

Huge, happy crowd

Matt Cutts from Google

10:15 am honored guest from Google Matt Cutts

Matt Cutts from Google

Fame, availability, attention, money, status? Some people insert in their posts only stupid cat tricks. Many people want something from their blogs. Many people want to get a higher PageRank in Google. Matt Cutts from Google gave a filtering mechanism spam blogs  submitted to Google. Most of these blogs, it looks like this:

Matt Cutts from Google

WordPress is approximately 80-90% of the mechanical work on optimizing for search engines (SEO). The best plugins for SEO: Akismet, cookies for comments, Feedburner Feedsmith. Matt Kats shows plug-ins installed on his blog:

Matt Cutts from Google

Cookies for comments I have not been established, it will be necessary to address the : smile: . .

If you just, then PageRank – a set of people that link (vote) for you, and who believe that these links are important. Matt Cutts shows generalized formula for the calculation of PageRank and its essence:

The secret, actual PageRank formula.

Matt Cutts from Google

In the SEO keywords are still important. Think before you enter into Google’s search query. You can take advantage of Google’s keyword tool.

What most users type into Google

Best URL structure of your posts for SEO:  (I have exactly the same structure, only added to the end. Html/% postname%. Html)

SEO from Google, WordPress

If the URL of your blog is as follows:

 ?p = 123

then you lose the opportunity to insert keywords in your URL. Inside the WordPress, use the title of the keywords that Google users could more easily find relevant information. Also you can use the keywords in categories.

SEO from Google, WordPress

Key points: locate anything which you tend to write often, pay attention to detail and do not overdo.

How to win a reputation?

Be interesting, frequently updated. For example, one of the developers of Google Sergey Brin wrote in the blog twice.

Be interesting

The secret of blogging from Katamari: Start small and find your niche. Then build it yourself. Do not take itself too much in the beginning. You will have to grow gradually.

Bloggers are not necessarily good deal of software for blogging, but Google offers a number of different support tools:

10:55 am Participants will soon go for lunch:

Setting up for lunch

11 am Matt Mullenveg, creator of wordpress

Ma.tt

WordPress came when Mullen was 19. He wanted to solve the dilemma of software for blogging. Since then, much has changed. I understand that the blog Matt ma.tt does not work on wordpress : roll: . .

State of the word

More than 10 million downloads, 5 million blogs alone, 3.5 million blogs on wordpress.com, 58 million new positions, 22 billion page views, 5 million spam comments in the past year.

State of the word

Some made themselves present WordPress tattoo:

State of the word

11:45 am revealed the house:

Was the next release of WordPress 2.8 In the strongly altered management widgets, added fully automatic import from LJ, highlighting text editor, so the installer «one click».

Also announced merger and WordPress MU into a single product to version 3.0. 27% of downloads made outside the United States in 2008, and 42% this year. As can be seen, the popularity of wordpress increasing worldwide.

2009 Wordcamps

A great new version 2.8 – localization and order of plugins. You can easily create versions in other languages.

Wordcamp 2009

12:00 pm it’s time for lunch.

Wordcamp 2009 lunch

Wordcamp 2009

1:30 pm Matt Mullenweg does Q & A with the audience.

Open source has emerged as one of the most important trends in software development. Over a relatively short period of time the application of open source methodologies has grown significantly in scope as has its usage. Here is a look at the path traversed by this software movement

To better understand the concept of free and open source software one need to understand the real definition of a hacker .Most people perceive hacker as computer experts who illegally gain access to system and tamper with sensitive information. This could not be further from the truth.

The Jargon File, a glossary of hacker slang, defines a hacker as

“A person who delights in having an intimate understanding of the internet workings of a system, computers and computer networks in particular.”

It comes as no surprise that hacker have been ubiquitous since the creation of electronic computers.

The Pre-Hacker Culture:

During the 1960’s, if a student travelled to another university and found a particular piece of code interesting, he was more than welcome to take it back with him. Moreover, there were no ramifications for experimenting and sharing code with peers. At that time, the concept of proprietary software (that is, software which sets restrictions on usage and private modification- commonly referred to as closed-source software) had not fully evolved. Large computer corporations were under the notion that the money lay in selling hardware. As a result, proprietorships of software were largely ignored.

People didn’t cling to this assumption for long. Soon, corporations started developing software and licensing it to people. Not only did users lose the freedom to modify and change the software they purchased but they also learned to live with this lack of freedom and over time, considered it normal.

Richard Stallman, a hacker and software developer from the MIT labs saw this threat long before anyone else did. He wanted to create a free operating system that anyone could use, modify and share. He started off by contributing necessary tools such as a free complier, text editor , debugger etc. by the early 90’s he had most parts of GNU operating system, with the exception of a kernel. Help came from across the ocean, when a Finnish student, Linux Trovalds, initiated the development of the Linux kernel.

Hackers from all over the world download this kernel, modified it, added extra drivers and improved it. They started to integrate the Linux kernel into the GNU operating system and thus GNU/Linux was born. Today, GNU software is used in a number of operating systems, such as Mac OS, Solaris, BSD, and even Windows.

The Hacker Manifesto:

In 1986 a 21 year-old hacker named “The Mentor” (Loyd Blankenship) defined an entire generation of geeks with a short essay called The Hacker Manifesto. His attempt at explaining the hacking culture was much like how Dylan or the Beatles defined the revolution of the early 70’s with their music.

The paragraphs extracted from the defining essay give considerably insight into minds of hackers from around the globe.

“This is our world now…the world of the electron and the switch, the beauty of the baud. We make use of a service already existing without paying for what could be dirt-cheap if profiteering gluttons didn’t run it, and you call us criminals. We explore…and you call us criminals. We seek after knowledge …and you call us criminals. We exist without skin color, without nationality, without religious bias….and you call us criminals. You build atomic bombs, you wage wars you murder, cheat and lie to us and try to make s believe it’s for our own good, yet we are the criminals.”

“Yes, I am a criminal. My crime is that of curiosity. My crime is that of judging people by what they say and think, not what they look like. My crime is that outsmarting you, something that you will never forgive me for.

Floss- The Free, Libre And Open Source Software Movement:

In 1994, a hacker by the name of Marc Ewing created a distribution called Red Hat Linux. Although there were other distribution at that time, this was the first time someone had actually packaged all the required applications to create a complete distribution. Red Hat may not have been the first FLOSS Company, but it was the first company to make it big. Red Hat challenged the proprietary software market space and managed to crave a niche for itself. On August 11, 1999 Red Hat went public and set a record of the eight biggest first-day gains.

Numerous other companies followed Red Hat’s footsteps. MySQL AB was formed in 1995 b three hackers, Michael Wideius, David Axmark and Allan Larsson. They built the most widely-used, reliable and fast database and gave it to developers for free. Today, MySQL powers innumerable websites worldwide. In Jan 2008, Sun Microsystems expressed interest in acquiring MYSQL AB. Months later; they signed the largest contract in the history of the company.

Such companies started pushing FLOSS into other companies that relied on proprietary software such as UNIX or Windows. The quality of software they offered and the price at which they offered and the price at which they offered it made FLOSS a big ht in corporations. It soon started spreading like a virus everywhere. Soon, people started porting FLOSS software and operating systems to a number of devices, such as PDAs, mobile phones and gaming consoles.

FLOSS created such an impact in the software industry that even Sun Microsystems, a longtime supporter, started releasing all its software under a free license. In a time when people were trying to protect their source code Sun Microsystems made it freely available. This gamble paid off and Java’s performance in the market jumped tremendously after that released it under a free license. This was because a huge community was now contributing to improving this language. Open Solaris, OpenOffice , are other such examples.

Open Source Collaboration Online:

The rise of the internet further enabled the collaboration that is inherent to Open Source software development. Initially developers relied on mIRC and FTP to share code and collaborate on software projects. However, the free software, the free software and Open Source movement got a substantial boost during the latter half of this decade, thanks to the proliferation of repositories.

Open Source Grows Up:

As information Age, a publication focusing on business technology puts it,

“Today, Open Source software is no longer just a free, second-place substitute for proprietary system. Its growing maturity, particularly in the “LAMP” architecture (of Linux, Apache, MYSQL and PHP technologies) has made it a viable alternative to proprietary software. Furthermore, the success of application software, such as Open Office and Mozilla’s Firefox browser, is giving Open Source software a visible presence throughout the entire organization.”

It goes on further, “Until recently, the use of Open Source software was limited by a number of factors, wit accountability and reliability near the top of the list. Many potential users feared that interest in Open Source projects might flounder and leave them without support for maintenance for their software. These fears were reason. On open source websites such as sourceforge.net – one of many repositories giving Open Source developers a central base to manage their code – there are thousands of incomplete projects that have simply been abandoned.”

“But gradually, these fears about Open Source have abated, because Open Source software is freely downloadable, support and maintenance has become the bug revenue generators for many services and software companies, big and small.”

When it first came out, few people were familiar with the small, white box known as the Nintendo Wii. While Sony’s Playstation and Microsoft’s Xbox were batting for market share, the Ninetendo Wii was quietly making its way up the ladder. Soon, the Wii’s low prices and wider appeal made it one of the most popular and widely used gaming consoles in the world.

Nintendo pumped the latest technology and integrated sophisticated features into the Wii.One such feature in the Nintendo Wii platform is the Wii Remote’s embedded infrared camera.

The Wiimote

The Wii Remote, commonly known as the Wiimote among enthusiasts, is capable of high-resolution motion sensing. It also includes a Bluetooth interface that allows it to connect wirelessly with any Bluetooth enabled device such as mobile phones, laptops, etc. it is mainly these two features that allow Wiimote to be used in various ways, and for the purpose of this articles, as a sensor that allows users to employ multiple infrared emitters as a source of input for computer systems.

The infrared emitter can act as a stylus that can interact with the software displayed on a computer monitor as though it has touchscreen capabilities . This method is based on a project to create a low-cost interactive whiteboard that was first carried out and documented by Johnny Chung Lee, then a PhD student in human computer interaction (HCI) at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). Lee, who is now a researcher in the Applied Science group at Microsoft, conceived several alternative applications of the Nintendo Wii Remote for which he released the technique and support software on his websites and blog.

Ingredients:

In order to give your system touchscreen capabilities, there are a few items you will have to get. You will need a Nintendo Wii Remote, a Bluetooth- enabled laptop or computer, software – mentioned later in this article- and an infrared pen. You can buy such a pen from a local market or construct ans IR pen from instructions from the URL in the sites. Constructing your own IF LED pen simply requires a high-intensity infrared LED, a pencil cell (also called AAA size battery) and a small switch. Assemble them together in a pen such that the LED forms the tip of the pen and wire the remaining components together.

Bluetooth is required to allow the PC and the Wii Remote to communicate with each other wirelessly. Most laptops usually have internal Bluetooth adaptors. However, if your laptop or computer does not come with a Bluetooth device, you can purchase a Bluetooth USB dongle. Simply plug the adapter into an available USB slot and install the driver software if required.

How It Works.

The first step toward building your “touch screen” is to install the software required to make it work. The free WillmoteConnect is a popular driver and controller interface for the Wii Remote that will create a communications channel between the Wii Remote and your PC. Wiimote Connect is just 137KB in size and can be downloaded from the URL provided at the end of the article.

WiimoteConnect requires users to have Microsoft’s.NET Framework 2.0 installed on their systems. For users with Windows Vista or XP SP2, the.NET 2.0 Framework comes pre-installed. Apple Mac and Linux users can install and run DarwiinRemote (for Mac) and Mono (for Linux). WMD and libiwiimote are other Linux-based drivers for the Wii Remote.

Once you have got the basic software, you are going to have to install one other piece of software called Wiimote Whiteboard. This will allow you to calibrate your LCD monitor with the Wii Remote.Now that you have got the basic components together, you can reproduce the project with your own PC. An essential first step in this phase is the proper placement of your Wii Remote controller. Its placement and orientation is vital to the accuracy of the results. The Wii Remote should not be very close to the screen nor should it be too far away. The ideal distance is between one and five meters. Start the WiimoteConnect application and simultaneously press and hold down the Wii Remote buttoms ‘1’ and ‘2’. Once the buttons have been pressed, four blue lights on the WiiRomte will start blinking. Hold down the buttons until you see a WiimoteConnect message to “stop pressing”. You may not be able to successfully establish a connection between the wiimote and the computer on the first attempt. In that case, repeat this step until a connection has been successfully established. You can also established a connection with the PC by removing the battery cover on the Wiimote and pressing the red sync button as shown in the illustration on the left.

When a connection has been established between the Wiimote and the PC, click the “Connect” button on the WiimoteConnect Interface. If everything goes well, after some time, the message “Wiimote successfully connected” will appear on the screen. You might encounter the “New Hardware Found” wizard during this step.

At this point, being the Wiimote Whiteboard application and select the “Calibrate Location [Wiimote A]” option. Now you will see a red cross displayed on a white background. Tap the tip of the IR pen in the centre of the cross. The cross will then reappear at another corner. Repeat this procedure a couple more times. This will calibrate your screen and the IR stylus with the Wiimote. Once the calibration is completed, then white screen will disappear and your desktop will become available. At this point, you will be able to touch control applications on your LCD screen.

In Lee’s project, the digital whiteboard is an extension of this procedure. Instead of an LCD screen, the display can be projected onto a wall pr other surface. Recalibrating the Wiimote to the projection on the wall will allow you to directly manipulate the software by tapping the wall with the IR stylus.

Try playing around with Microsoft’s Paint to acclimatize yourself to this form of input. Lee’s project site also includes a list of applications that work well with this project. These applications are varied and include mapping, sketching, handwriting recognition, etc. Furthermore, the successor to windows Vista, Microsoft Windows 7, brings to the average user a lot of features which are ordinary limited to only touchscreen computing devices. Ad the Wii Remote can accept up to four concurrent IR inputs, this project can be adapted to create a multitouch input system.

Since the Lee made his projects public, they have garnered a lot of interest online and began a lot of development and collaboration between DIY and technology enthusiasts. Lee is developing an application of the Wiimote and Wii sensor bars for 3D head tracking. Even locally, students of a accredited computer science institute have reportedly developed a circular whiteboard using the Wii Remote.

Windows

  • It is impossible to create a folder called ‘Con’(without the quotes) in any directory
  • Paint –if you click to the right of the smallest square paintbrush, you can make dotted strokes or paint in “invisible ink’.
  • Calculator- you can browse the internet from calculator’s Help window by clicking Help> Help Topics, then right-click the window title bar and click “Jump to URL” and type in the address of the site you want to visit.
  • Word 2003- Hold down the Ctrl and Alt keys and press +to change the cursor.
  • Solitaire –win any time by pressing the Keys Shift +Alt +2.
  • Pinball-You can promote your rank by typing “rmax” at thestart of a new game. Similarly, you can type “gmex” at the start of a game to activate the gravity well and “hidden test” to launch a hidden mode and drag the ball around with the mouse cursor.
  • Win Media Player-If you miss the simple old media player that wasn’t such a pain, press WinKey +R and enter “mplay32” or the really old one or “mplayer2” for the pre-WMP7 version.
  • Character creator – Create your own fonts and characters by typing “eudceit” in the Run command box.

Applications:

  • Fire fox 3- Type “about:robots” in the address bar and press Enter for a page with funny robot stuff. Then click the “Try Again” button.
  • WinRAR- if you open the About WinRAR box listed in the Help menu and click on the logo beside the text, the logo falls down.
  • Chrome- there are number of secret pages in Google’s Chrome Web browser. Just enter these into the address bar:

About:internets

About:memory

About:stats

About:network

About:histograms

About:dns

About:cache

About:crash

About:plugins

About:version

View:cache:[URL]

Google:

  • Google on funny language- enter the URL www.google.com/intl/xx-hacker to see Google.com translated in leetspeak. Replace “hacker” with “elmer”, “bork”, “piglatin”, even “pirate” and “klingon”.
  • Google Chrome – in the address bar, type “about:internets” and press Enter. Ir will shoe Windows Pipes screensavers in the browser window.
  • KFC guy – browse to maps.google.com in your browser and click on “Get direction”. Enter “37.646362,-115.751004” in the start addresses and “37.646566,-115.750982” in the end address and view KFC’s Colonel Sanders in satellite mode.
  • Firefox crop circle – To see the FireFox logo in a field, visit
  • Maps.google.com/?ie-UTF8&om=1&z=16&||=45.123785,-123.113962&

spn=0.012112,0.024097&t=h

  • Interesting Google pages – Visit the following:

mail.google.com/mail/help/customtime/index.html

www.google.com/technology/pigeonrank.html

www.google.com/Easter/feature_easter.html

www.google.com/googlegulp

www.google.com/romance

www.google.com/microsoft

www.google.com/linux

www.google.com/bsd

www.google.com/tisp

  • Adam Douglas tribute – Type “answer to life, the universe, and everything” in the search field and press Enter
  • In the iPhone Google app, tap the Settings button then swipe upwards a few times for hidden items.
  • Facebook chat – other than the usual smiley faces, Facebook’s got a few interesting chat icons. Try the following

:v

:| ]

:P utnam:

:3

3:)

:-*

<3

-_-

O.o

>:o

Amazon:

  • Amazon.com – click on “Shope All Departments” and scroll to the bottom. Beneath the copyright notice, move your mouse under the “1996-2009” and click on invisible link. The will take you to a farewell note from JeffBezos to David Risher.

Did you know about these facts..?Any of my reader can add more facts ..write for me or share through comments..

Floss Development

The popularity of free, libre, and Open Source software is largely due to the speed of its development and the reliability, portability and scalability of the resulting software product combined with availability at low or no cost. These factors are often attributed to two factors: that developers are also users of the software and the open availability of source code.

Most free/libre/Open Source software is developers that contribute from around the world. These teams coordinate their activities primarily by means of computer-mediated communications (CMC) and seldom meet face-to-face if alt all. Many programmers, though not all, contribute to projects as volunteers, without working for a common organization or being paid. This heavy reliance on self-organization sets FLOSS teams apart from most other distributed teams.

The process of FLOSS development spans the traditional boundaries of place and ownership. While popular notion emphasizes the difficulties of distributed software development in the case of FLOSS development an intriguing counter- example has been fostered that proves the effective function of distributed and collaborative development. The most surprising aspect of the FLOSS process, perhaps, is that it appears to eschew traditional project coordination mechanisms such as formal planning, system-level design, schedules and defined development processes.

Eric Raymond’s The Cathedral and the Bazaar discusses the most well- known model of the FLOSS process. While the bazaar metaphor has proven popular, anecdotal evidence of the FLOSS process suggests that teams rely on a variety of social control mechanisms rather than simple on trust. FLOSS development teams tend to have a hierarchical or onion-like structure. At its center are core developers who contribute most of the code and oversee the design and evolution of the project. The core is usually small and exhibits a high level of interaction, which would be difficult to maintain if the core groups were large. Core developers usually have a deep understanding of the software and the development processes.

Surrounding the core are the co-developers. These individuals contribute sporadically by reviewing or modifying code or by contributing bug fixes. The co-developers group can be much larger than the core since the required level if interaction is much lower. Surrounding the developers are the active users- a subset of users who test the latest releases and contributing bug reports or features requests but don’t themselves write code. Still further from the core are the passive users which are vast and varied and try the software and offer feedback. As their involvement with a project changes, participants may and sometimes tend to move from role to role.

It is often believed that software development nudges the hardware industry on to introduce new products compatible with their latest software upgrades. Let me discus with you whether this notion is correct.

For an average computer user, upgrading is equivalent to breathing new life into an old system. It is necessary for running up-to-data software ranging from operating systems to games. It is only natural for an average user to believe that more resources-demanding software results in the hardware evolving faster to catch up. In reality, however, this flow of evolution is a two-way street.

In the case of average user computing, especially personal computers (PCs), hardware manufactures tend to take existing design and continue to ramp up performance on an almost as a motivational factor, hardware capabilities are made to grow at an exponential rate in order to give software companies the scalability and headroom to add to existing software and to be able to innovate and improve on it. While all current day processors now carry a 6-bit architecture, there are few mainstream 64-bit programs that take full advantage of the feature. Although why this is so is an entirely separate matter, the fact is mainstream proliferation of capable hardware is not solely influenced by software capabilities.

One could argue that games are the harbinger of computing power requirements. Consider popular first-person shooter, Crysis, which refuses to run at its highest possible settings on even the most powerful consumer level PC. As all the features used by Crysis are accounted for in both graphics processing units (GPUs) as well as central processing units (CPUs), the title primarily innovates on an existing palette while attempting to force hardware developers to instill new capabilities in their products. As far as the frame rate is concerned, it is highly likely a product of the how tightly wrapped the actual coding is, as well as the vision of the programmers, who were programming the title many years before the release of the processing hardware of the processing hardware of today, and hence made a lot of their programming decisions based on forecast of new hardware.

An example of hardware leading the way for software development is that of the DirectX APU combo with graphics cards, which almost always supersedes game development by at least nine months since release versions. When the Radeon ATi 9700 PRO was release by most critics. However, given its rampant success, as well as the adaptability of game developers, DirectX 9.0 capable games started trickling in and within a year of that, all titles came with a DirectX 9.0 requirement.

These cases by no means suggest that the latest technology is the most future-proof. A good example of option for the “don’t upgrade” path was during the Blu-ray and HD DVD tussle over a year back. The rivalry between the two optical media standards had a lot consumers holding back on the purchase of either until a de facto winner was declared. Since the victory of the Blu-ray standard, consumer confidence has returned and now software developers as well as hardware manufactures take the standard a lot more seriously than they did upon its release. Metal Gear Solid 4, for one, took full advantage of Blu-ray capabilities.

So did software make users upgrade, and not new hardware? Such a condensed view as this is not far from the truth. It is eventually software that will force consumers to spend money on new hardware. It is when must – have software reaches the shores of regular customers that it begins to generate the need for improved hardware. Software giants such as Microsoft work closely with chip manufactures such as AMD and Intel and other hardware vendors to design and produce software that is highly evolved on the basis of computing power projected for the future. Hence, when existing users try to run the latest versions of the most demanding software on their systems, they choose to pursue upgrade options that make the software run smoothly.

Games are another motivational factors in upgrades of both PCs as well as consoles. No one bothered to upgrade to an Xbox 360 upon its release. However, killer titles such as Halo 3 and Gears of War, which could not possible run on the hardware of its predecessor, eventually led to a dramatic upswing in console sales.

A chicken or the egg analogy can be drawn here. Software evolution will slow down dramatically only if hardware evolution slows down- as the expectation of lower performance down the road will results in lower risks being taken when it comes to the design phase.

Similarly, lower levels of enhancements in software will results in lower sales for better hardware as consumers will not need to upgrade to be able to run their favorite software versions well.

Which chipmarks showing off 80-core processors in concept and 16-core solutions to slowly bring into the fold of the mainstream, it will not be too long before ordinary consumers are going to be able to render videos in real time and run photorealistic gaming titles at 60 frames per second with all effects turned on. In an economically challenged situation, it makes sense to not opt for upgrades of either software or hardware. However, such stagnation will stop the phenomenal leaps in both hardware and software technology that the world has seen.

Markers of both will lose the incentive to push the envelope to the point where computing power becomes virtually limitless. This cycle is a necessity on all levels.

What do the following lines means to you?

That’s exactly how a non-English speaking Tamil programmer may feel about the line:

Printf (“hello, word”);

While there is abundance of programming language that use the English script for their syntax, there is just as much – maybe more- of the world’s population that does not speak, read or write English. Does it mean that those people should have no or limited access to computer and information technology? To a large extent, that ‘privilege’ remains within the would-be developer’s ability to adapt and innovate.

In the world of computing, it is often very easy for many of us to consider only the hardware and the software-with programming languages bundled into the software category. Dr.Yaohan Chu, a prominent professor of computer science, who has been involved with the development of Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) computing since the 1970s, once posed the question in an international paper “if we have a good hardware system and good software system but poor programming languages, what kind of computer system do we have?”

The obvious response: a poor system.

Off-the-shelf programming language form the core of many academic curricula and, as a vast majority of these are published by software giants in the US, Europe or even Australia, the syntax of the language are often inspired by the English language lexicon. Take Microsoft Visual Studio. Net suits for one; all the different flavours, from Basic to C#, use English-based syntax. Meanwhile, in some countries, there are college graduates who barely understand English language words, never mind the semantics and sentence structure. These computer science graduates are expected to code in a programming language that is now increasingly and intricately tied in to the natural English language. While current syllabi worldwide try to encompass English as a basic curriculum inclusion, the truth is, not every one has access to the same level of education. Due to this reliance on English, the disparity between English literate populations and the non-English- literate on many levels equates to the slow progress of innovation and software development.

Although the argument could be made that non-English speakers could learn some English some English as a by-product of learning to code in standard programming languages, it would prove a very inept method of learning English and one that has a high potential for worsening one’s understanding of and ability to properly communicate in English.

Even so, a solution to the lack of options is not as simple as transliterating existing programming languages to a local natural language, whether natively or through a parser-although that could be a provisional first step. A For-Next loop can’t become a Pour-Suivant loop. The rapid and popular adoption of languages is often attributed to its simplicity its faults and failing, become a whatever its faults and failings, became a language that was adopted worldwide by English speakers, circa 1970 to 1990 because it was simple enough for average or even first-time computer users to learn and develop a custom application in. now try imagining what the Urdu transliteration of a For-Next statement would be.

Engineering a programming language in any local language should encompass certain essential considerations. The programming language would need to have a simple construction that would allow the local would-be programmer to easily understand it. The construction would also have to allow for data processing and conversion. In a scenario where the language is meant for educational as well as functional purpose, it would be best if the language is both compilers oriented as well as interpreter-oriented. Keep in mind that the widely popular BASIC was an interpretive language (developers didn’t have to code-compile-package-execute-code –recompile in order to debug). Of course, it should also be cost effective-not just in monetary terms, but also in terms of resource usage.

Therefore, a programming language based on the Urdu natural language may, for example, have to forego a For-Next loop altogether and possibly implement an alternative loop structure concept.

While perhaps this part of the world is gaining some ground in contributions to the international software pool, for all it’s trumpeting of “widespread” technological adoption and telecommunication growth, there is very little that spurs local development in leaps & bounds.

The example follows that if more effort goes into developing Urdu programming language, then local computing become more accessible, widespread and less costly to achieve. As a result, the new achievements will accelerate a new cycle of development and innovation to progress to more evolved computing technologies. In this way, non English based computing has the potential to be a key element through which to elevate industrial standards for regions where English is not the primary natural language.

Share your thoughts with me on the development of programming languages.